Wastewater Treatment Plants: Case Study of Public–Private Partnerships in Shanghai (ADB)
This is one of a series of case studies in sustainable urban development in the PRC.
This is one of a series of case studies in sustainable urban development in the PRC.
Agreement Synopsis, Context and Review
Agreement Synopsis, Context and Review
Sector: | Transport - Railways |
Name of Agreement: | Agreement relating to the Concessioning of a Railway between the State and the Concessionaire |
Model Bilateral Connection Agreement that is used by the UK National Grid Company (NGC) for customers who wish to connect to its transmission system. This model agreement makes a reference to the so-called Connection and Use of System Code (CUSC), that NGC has developed and submitted to the UK regulator (OFGEM) for approval. The CUSC is a complex document and so may not be appropriate for adaptation to developing economies without extensive amendment.
The private partner would operate and manage and further develop the infrastructure to ensure (1) the area is fully irrigated within six (6) years of the date of signature of the contract; and (2) that at least 25% of the irrigated land is available for small farmers, who should be integrated into the production chain of the commercial producers that would occupy the remainder of the land. The private partner will be remunerated for the sale of water (through user tariffs) and a capacity payment by the government.
General: A benchmarking period enables the operator to establish, with the participation of the awarding authority, the base case for performance and asset condition during a preliminary phase of the project. The disadvantages are that: -