政府目标:PPP的效益和风险
政府和社会资本合作的潜在效益
有关PPP能如何提供帮助的详细讨论,请前往PPP知识实验室。
2008年以来的经济危机使发达国家和发展中国家再次对PPP给予关注。面临着公共资源和财政空间的限制,再加上认识到投资基础建设对于促进经济发展的重要作用,因此政府逐渐将社会资本视为填补资金缺口的一个替代的额外资金来源。随着近年来将注意力集中在财政风险上,政府也因为其他原因而转而寻求社会资本:
有关PPP能如何提供帮助的详细讨论,请前往PPP知识实验室。
2008年以来的经济危机使发达国家和发展中国家再次对PPP给予关注。面临着公共资源和财政空间的限制,再加上认识到投资基础建设对于促进经济发展的重要作用,因此政府逐渐将社会资本视为填补资金缺口的一个替代的额外资金来源。随着近年来将注意力集中在财政风险上,政府也因为其他原因而转而寻求社会资本:
Authored by: Victoria Rigby Delmon with Jenny Chao
This article has also been cross-published on the World Bank PPP Blog. Click here to view.
Governments need to assess the type of support provided to a project. Direct liabilities can be easily assessed and budgeted as and when the relevant liabilities fall due. For example, the government may undertake to make regular payments to providers of road, hospital, school or prison facilities. As long as the facilities are properly constructed and made “available” to the grantor, the actual use of the facilities has only limited relevance for the availability payment.
SmartLessons is an awards program to share lessons learned by the International Financial Corporation (IFC) during development-oriented advisory services and investment operations.
The online database covers climate and climate-related laws, regulations, policy statements, and other directives issued by national governments.
Tracking Reference: Climate_Change_Laws _World_Database_CS:Legal_Framework_EN
The UNFCCC site contains documents and decisions related to the efforts made under this international framework, including the 2000 Kyoto Protocol and the 2015 Paris Agreement.
Tracking Reference: UNCC(UNFCCC)_CS:Legal_Framework_EN