This regulatory framework on energy service delivery grants direct subsidies to people with low income (Article 5).
Article 44 of the regulation provides for exemption and subsidies that the national or local government can grant as public benefit. The law establishes clear rules for their granting.
Related Information:
The paper explains the experience of the water sector reform in Panamá which grants a direct subsidy to the poor instead of to the utilities.
Related Information:
Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF), October 2014 (Spanish).
This report highligths the lessons learned in structuring and designing bidding documents for a performance-based water service improvement contract with a private operator in the water sector.
政府和社会资本合作基础设施公告机构（PPIAF），2014年10月（西班牙语）
本报告介绍了在水资源领域，在与私营运营商签订以业绩为准的水资源服务改进合同时，构建和设计投标文件的经验。 这份为期三年的合同的目标是改进巴拿马第二大城市科隆的供水服务。根据该合同，私营运营商需要支持国家水公共设施的技术、商业和社会管理，并直接执行投资项目。这是一份基于业绩的合同，其中30%的收入来取决于下列业绩指标的完成成果：(i) 产量/人均；(ii) 持续性；(iii) 收款率；(iv) 水表覆盖范围。
如要获得该行业的更多信息，请访问： PPP在水务及环境卫生领域
参考文献： Panama_Estudio de Caso_Contrato de mejoras integrales servicios de agua potable_ES.pdf
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