3 Case Studies from China and Singapore with examples of AI-powered systems to enable the early identification of health issues and tailor a response to minimise community and economic disruption and help identify infected persons and curtail the spread of disease:
The appendix include a number of case studies regarding:
Check out the Municipal Case Stories section for examples on disruptive events or see some examples below. See Pandemics and PPPs to find out more.
The Pandemics and PPPs section is intended to address issues which may arise as PPP contracts come under stress due to the impact of a pandemic. How can unforeseen events, such as Covid-19, affect PPP Projects and how to mitigate the risks.
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can sometimes be perceived as a means for delivering infrastructure for free. A more nuanced but still inexact view is that they are a mechanism to overcome fiscal constraints. Some argue, perhaps rightly, that often governments enter PPP contracts without fully understanding their fiscal implications. These misconceptions lead to several challenges. There is evidence that fiscal sustainability is often overlooked or ignored by countries with PPP programs, with long-term fiscal implications the governments did not understand or manage well.
Part I of this Essay will describe the legal doctrines of Impossibility and Restitution and how they might apply to a contract undermined by the COVID-19 pandemic. Part II will explain how a Force Majeure clause alters those background doctrines to give—or withhold—relief to a party whose performance has been thwarted by the pandemic.
The combination of rapid urbanization and increasing vulnerability due to climate change is putting urgent pressure on the infrastructure of emerging and developing economies (EMDEs). At the same time, these economies have limited resources to cope with disasters, constraints that have been further exacerbated by the effects of the ongoing pandemic.
PPP Legal Frameworks Post Covid-19
To remedy impacts of the current COVID-19 crisis on PPP programs and projects, governments are analyzing possible actions to stabilize markets and prevent project failures. In most cases, these measures have been ad hoc and of temporary nature such as modifying and/or suspending relevant PPP contract provisions. What are the long-term implications of the current pandemic and possible similar future crises on legal frameworks for PPP?
Economic disruptions are cascading globally as a result of COVID-19. For infrastructure investors, the sudden evaporation of demand is colliding with cost increases, or at least cost uncertainty. Once these economic realities become balance sheet realities, a “tidal wave” will come into view that risks overwhelming the legal system with contract disputes.
This blog is managed by the Infrastructure Finance, PPPs & Guarantees Group of the World Bank. Learn more here.