Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
Demand for ERCs is expected to grow exponentially this decade in response to an increasing global focus on climate action. At the current level of market maturity there is not sufficient investment to support scaling up the market to meet the expected exponential growth in ERC demand and ERC activity-level investment needs to scale significantly to meet exponentially increasing ERC demand.
In this section you can read more on the ERC market status, the current landscape of ERC financing and finally the financing structures to address key risks including three recent examples that demonstrate some of the latest advances in structuring ERC finance in the sections below.
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Case Studies with examples of commercial value capture divided in Countries. Alternatively, view them by Sector or Category. The World Bank’s Municipal Public-Private Framework Case Studies includes around 100 Project Summaries with examples of commercial value capture in various sectors and from countries around the world. To find more see Municipal Public-Private Partnership Framework.
Afghanistan
Australia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brazil
- Tecon 1 Container Terminal at Suape Port, Pemambuco, Brazil
- Public Schools, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
Canada
- Ricoh Coliseum at Exhibition Place, Toronto
- Regent Park Affordable Housing Project, Toronto
- The North Toronto Collegiate Institute (NTCI), Toronto
China
- Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway Corporation, Hong Kong SAR
- Hangzhou Bay Bridge
- Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Project, Wenzhou
- Qiaoxi District Central Heating, Zhangjiakou
Colombia
Croatia
Djibouti
France
- Aquanova America, Saint-Dié-des-Vosges
- Reconstruction, Management, and Maintenance of Street Lighting and Other Public Facilities, Juvignac
Gaza
Germany
Honduras
India
- Bus Terminal-cum-Commercial Complex, Mohali
- Amritsar Intercity Bus Terminal, Punjab
- Bus Terminal and Commercial Complex, Dehradun
- Water Supply Project, Mysore, Karnataka
- Waste Water Treatment Plant, Udaipur
- Industrial Water Supply, Surat Municipal Corporation
- /node/7324
- Municipal Geographic Information System (GIS), Surat Municipality
- Smart Poles and Streetlights, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
- Bangalore One, Government of Karnataka
- Grain Silos Project in Punjab
- Automated Multi-level Car Park, Connaught Place, New Delhi
- Jal Mahal Palace in Jaipur
- Roof-top Solar Program, Gujarat, Gandhinagar
- Street Lighting Project, Nasik, Maharashtra
- Energy-efficient Street Lighting, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
- Slum Rehabilitation Scheme, Maharashtra
- Free Computer Training for Underprivileged Children, Kolkata, West Bengal
- Dialysis Services in Andhra Pradesh
- Utility Tunnel in GIFT City
- EV charging infrastructure
- Betterment Levy for Hyderabad Outer Ring Road
Indonesia
- Commercial and Landside Operations of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali
- Drinking Water Supply, Jakarta, Indonesia
Italy
Ireland
Kenya
Kosovo
Mexico
- Desalination Plant, Ensenada
- Integral Treatment of Wastewater and Bio-Solids, Municipality of Saltillo
- Administrative Center, Tlajomulco Municipality, Jalisco
- Bioenergy Plant, Nuevo Leon
Nigeria
Philippines
- Mandaluyong City Market, Manila
- Bocaue Public Market, Bocaue, Bulacan
- Slaughterhouse Redevelopment, Cagayan de Oro City
- Hemodialysis Center at the National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City, Manila
Peru
- Underground Parking and Commercial Services Center, San Borja
- Parking Area under Rivera Navarrete Avenue in San Isidro
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Singapore
- Sports Hub
- Stellar Ace
- SP Digital
- Changi Airport
- Pilot Courier Hubs and Lockers in Residential Areas
- Jurong Innovation District
- Sembcorp Tengeh Floating Solar Farm
- SolarNova Rooftop Solar Program
- St. James Power Station
Spain
South Africa
- Kruger National Park
- Jozini Tiger Lodge, Jozini Municipality of KwaZulu-Natal
- City Improvements Districts, Johannesburg
- Durban Point Waterfront Development Project, Ethekwini
- Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal
Sri Lanka
Tanzania
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
- Bundled State Parks, California
- Rooftop Solar PV and Energy for Underserved Communities, Connecticut
- Redevelopment of Library and Fire Station, Washington, District of Colombia
- Fire Station Refurbishment, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Capitol Crossing, Washington, District of Colombia
- Downtown Renewal, Silver Spring, Maryland
- South Waterfront Central District Greenway, Portland, Oregon
- Mixed Use Development, Virginia Beach, Virginia
- Long Beach Civic Center Project, Long Beach, California
- James F. Oyster Bilingual Elementary School, Washington, District of Columbia
- Retail in Northwestern Hospital, Chicago
______________________________________________
Check the Guidelines applying Commercial Value Capture (CVC) in infrastructure projects Section Overview or check the Content Outline.
Research and Publications
The Guidelines on Innovative Revenues for Infrastructure (IRI) is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. They have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions.
To find more, visit the Innovative Revenues for Infrastructure section and the Content Outline, or Download the Full Report. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Case Studies with examples of commercial value capture divided in various sectors. Alternatively, view them by Country or Category. The World Bank’s Municipal Public-Private Framework Case Studies includes around 100 Project Summaries with examples of commercial value capture in various sectors and from countries around the world. To find more see Municipal Public-Private Partnership Framework.
- Transportation
- Water Supply and Sanitation
- Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
- Public Markets
- Food Infrastructure
- Public Parking
- Government and Judicial Facilities
- Urban Development
- Affordable Housing
- Sporting, Cultural, and Tourism Venues
- Energy
- Education
- Healthcare
Integrated Multi-Modal Transportation
Railways
- Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway Corporation, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Yongin Everline Light Rail Transit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Buses
- Sheberghan City Bus Terminal, Sheberghan, Afghanistan
- Modern Bus Terminal and Municipal Market, Danli, Honduras
- Bus Terminal-cum-Commercial Complex, Mohali, India
- Amritsar Intercity Bus Terminal, Punjab, India
- Bus Terminal and Commercial Complex, Dehradun, India
- Urban Transport Services, Peja, Kosovo
- Transmilenio Bus Rapid Transit Project, Bogotá, Colombia
Airports
- Pulkovo International Airport, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Commercial and Landside Operations of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali, Indonesia
Ports
Roads, Tunnels, and Bridges
- Bundled Bridge Replacement, Pennsylvania, United States
- Hangzhou Bay Bridge, China
- Cross-City Tunnel, Sydney, Australia
Water Supply Services
- Water and Sanitation System, Bucharest, Romania
- Small Scale Water Infrastructure, Busembatia, Uganda
- Drinking Water Supply, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Desalination Plant, Ensenada, Mexico 22. Challenging Case: The Dar Es Salaam Water and Sewerage Authority (DAWASA), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Water Supply Project, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Wastewater Treatment
- Waste Water Treatment Plant, Udaipur, India
- Integral Treatment of Wastewater and Bio-Solids, Municipality of Saltillo, Mexico
- Industrial Water Supply, Surat Municipal Corporation, India
Solid Waste Management
- Municipal Waste Thermal Treatment Plant, Poznań, Poland
- Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Project, Wenzhou, China
- Keppel Seghers Waste-to-Energy Plant, Singapore
- Solid Waste Management, West Bank and Gaza
Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
- IT Network Integration, Barcelona, Spain
- Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network, Singapore
- Free Public Wi-Fi and Interactive Kiosks Project, Kansas City, United States
- Establishment of High Capacity Wireless Infrastructure, Pimpri-Chinchwad, Maharashtra, India
- Municipal Geographic Information System (GIS), Surat Municipality, India
- Smart Poles and Streetlights, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Bangalore One, Government of Karnataka, India
- Mandaluyong City Market, Manila, Philippines
- Pike Place Market, Seattle, United States
- Bocaue Public Market, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines
- Slaughterhouse Redevelopment, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
- Grain Silos Project in Punjab, India
- Kalangala Integrated Infrastructure Programme, Bugala Island, Uganda
- Automated Multi-level Car Park, Connaught Place, New Delhi, India
- Underground Parking and Commercial Services Center, San Borja, Peru
- Parking Area under Rivera Navarette Avenue in San Isidro, Peru
- Queen Elizabeth II Medical Center Car Parking Project, Western Australia, Australia
- Multi-level Car Parks in Thimphu City, Bhutan
Government and Judicial Facilities
- City Improvement Districts, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Durban Point Waterfront Development Project, EThekwini, South Africa
- Croydon Council Urban Regeneration Vehicle, London Borough of Croydon, United Kingdom
- Redevelopment of Library and Fire Station, Washington, District of Colombia, United States
- Fire Station Refurbishment, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Capitol Crossing, Washington, District of Colombia, United States
- Downtown Renewal, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
- South Waterfront Central District Greenway, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Mixed Use Development, Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States
- Long Beach Civic Center Project, Long Beach, California, United States
- Regent Park Affordable Housing Project, Toronto, Canada
- Sustainable Housing Project in Turin, Italy
- Challenging Case: Slum Rehabilitation Scheme, Maharashtra, India
- Challenging Case: Dege Eco Village, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Challenging Case: Unity Housing Estate, Bauchi Town, Nigeria
Sporting, Cultural, and Tourism Venues
Sports Centers
- Sports Hub, Singapore
- Ricoh Coliseum at Exhibition Place, Toronto, Canada
- Campin Coliseum (Movistar Arena), Bogota, Colombia
- Aquanova America, Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, France
Cultural Heritage
- Düsseldorf Museum, Kunstpalast, Germany
- Akaretler Row Houses, Istanbul, Turkey
- Challenging Case: Jal Mahal Palace in Jaipur, India
- Elbphilharmonie, Hamburg, Germany
Tourism
- Bundled State Parks, California, United States
- Marine Sanctuary and Forest Preserve, Chumbe Island, Tanzania
- Kruger National Park, South Africa
- Jozini Tiger Lodge, Jozini Municipality of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Heating Supply
Renewable Energy
- Roof-top Solar Program, Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
- Bioenergy Plant, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Rooftop Solar PV and Energy for Underserved Communities, Connecticut, United States
Street Lighting
- Street Lighting Project, Nasik, Maharashtra, India
- Energy-efficient Street Lighting, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Reconstruction, Management, and Maintenance of Street Lighting and Other Public Facilities, Juvignac, France
- Bundled Schools, Ireland
- Free Computer Training for Underprivileged Children, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Mafra and Ericeira Business Factory, Portugal
- James F. Oyster Bilingual Elementary School, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Varaždin County School Program, Croatia
- Public Schools, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- The North Toronto Collegiate Institute (NTCI), Toronto, Canada
- Kenyatta University Hostels, Kenya
Hospitals
- Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Challenging Case: Construction of District Hospital, Żywiec, Poland
- Majadahonda’s Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Madrid, Spain
Clinical Services
- Challenging Case: Hemodialysis Centers, Dhaka and Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Hemodialysis Center at the National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City, Manila, Philippines
- Dialysis Services in Andhra Pradesh, India
Find more @ The Municipal Public-Private Partnership Framework - Project Summaries
______________________________________________
Check the Guidelines applying Commercial Value Capture (CVC) in infrastructure projects Section Overview or check the Content Outline
Research and Publications
The Guidelines on Innovative Revenues for Infrastructure (IRI) is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. They have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions.
To find more, visit the Innovative Revenues for Infrastructure section and the Content Outline, or Download the Full Report. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
Introduction to the Models - Appendix C
In addition to the Project Guidelines developed, this Appendix lays out the different models for potential public-private partnerships (or PPPs) to generate emissions reduction credits (ERCs) from deploying technologies that reduce or remove emissions. These could also include activities that are part of larger infrastructure-type investments. ERCs in these models are expected to enable these projects to incorporate emission reduction or removal activities in the larger package while allowing them to either maintain their financial viability or recover their invest-ability, through the additional revenue streams from the sale of the credits.
The 12 models, as summarized in Table 1, are based on case studies across different sectors. They cover both existing and ongoing projects that have incorporated emissions reduction or removal activities into larger infrastructure projects, largely to improve their financial viability.
Table 1: PPP Models Detailed
# | Model | Applicable Methodology | Proposed PPP model |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MRT Energy Efficiency Deployment | Mass Rapid Transit Projects | Existing-Refurbish-User-Tariffs |
| 2 | Rural Electrification | Electrification of communities through grid extension or construction of new mini grids | New-User-Tariffs |
| 3 | LED Streetlight Deployment | Demand-side activities for efficient outdoor and street lighting technologies | Existing-Refurbish-Finance-Bulk-Fees |
| 4 | Rooftop Solar Installation | Renewable electricity generation for captive use and mini-grid | New-Build-Bulk-Fees |
| 5 | LED Lighting Deployment | Demand-side energy efficiency activities for specific technologies | Existing-Refurbish-Finance-Bulk-Fees |
| 6 | E-Bus Deployment | Bus rapid transit projects | New-Refurbish-Finance-Bulk-Fees |
| 7 | EV Charging Systems Installation | Methodology for Electric Vehicle Charging Systems | New-Build-Finance-User-Tariffs |
| 8 | Biodigester Deployment | Reduced Emissions From Cooking And Heating – Technologies And Practices To Displace Decentralized Thermal Energy Consumption | New-Build-Finance-User-Fees |
| 9 | Waste-to-Power | Avoidance of landfill gas emissions by in-situ aeration of landfills | New-Build-Finance-Bulk-Tariffs |
| 10 | Waste Treatment Facility Installation | Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes | Existing-Build-Finance-Bulk-Tariffs |
| 11 | Climate Smart Farming Deployment | Adoption of Sustainable Agricultural Land Management | Existing-Bulk-Tariffs |
| 12 | Reforestation Program | Afforestation and reforestation of lands except wetlands | New-Finance-Bulk-Tariffs |
The models will start by identifying the infrastructure project and the potential ERC-generating activities to be deployed along with it. This will then lead to a proposed PPP model based on the dimensions in Table 2, based on the learnings from the case studies and the specific considerations for this permutation of ERC activity and wider infrastructure project. It will then describe the case study, including how it was structured and the impact achieved or targeted, before going into the summary business plan. The business plan will feature a reconstructed version of the basic forecasts of revenues and costs for both the ERC and non-ERC component of the project, based on the information available from the case study and additional desktop research.
Table 2: Public-Private Partnership Model Dimensions
Dimension | Attribute | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Business | New | The PPP can either result to the creation of a new entity or the take-over of and existing business |
| Existing | ||
| Construction | Build | The project company may be obliged to undertake all activities relating to the construction of a new asset which will differ from refurbishing already existing assets |
| Refurbish | ||
| Private Funding | Finance | The private-led project company may carry the obligation to raise financing for the project |
| Service | Bulk | The project company may be delivering services to a single entity in the case of “Bulk” or delivering directly to the consumers of the service in the case of “User” |
| User | ||
| Revenues | Fees | The revenue streams in a project may stem from fees paid by a single or limited number of off-takers or from tariffs paid by a large number of consumers |
| Tariffs |
Models
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
These Project Assessment Guidelines aim to provide a comprehensive and adaptable guide to identify and develop ERC projects and investments in order to generate high-quality ERCs to be sold in global markets.
The Guidelines can be applied to review a pipeline of projects, assess the potential of an individual project or program in consideration of its eligibility and viability for ERC generation, or select projects with the most likely value-for-money ERC development opportunities. Visit Objective of these Guidelines to learn more.
The Project Assessment Framework identify and select high-quality ERC Projects, most likely to attract high demand and best value pricing. The framework consists of four overarching objectives that set 11 assessable criteria to evaluate the project’s attributes and mechanisms in alignment with global market best practices and national priorities.
While the framework outlines the key elements and criteria that projects will be evaluated on at each stage of the project assessment, the Assessment Process consists of four steps—two where assessments are required and two as a decision-making step from each assessment step—and an initial pre-assessment step to determine the country inputs required for the first objective of the Framework.
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
Find a full outline to sections found in the Mobilizing ERC Finance Section.
UNLOCKING GLOBAL EMISSION REDUCTION CREDIT (Main Landing Page)
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Emission Reduction Credits
- The World Bank's Emission Reduction Program
- Emission Reduction Credits
- Classification of Emissions Reduction Credit
- Policy Context of Emissions Reduction Credit
Chapter 2 - Financing ERC Generation
Chapter 3 - Key Enablers of ERC Finance
- Credit Risk in ERC Finance Transactions
- ERC Activity Risk
- Market Risk for ERCs
- Political Risk for ERC Activities
Chapter 4 - Scaling Finance for ERC Generation
- Key Findings to Scale Up Private Sector Capital for ERC Activities
- Expand ERC-backed Debt Issuance
- Aggregate ERC Activities
- Establish an ERC Club
Abbreviations: ERC Finance Working Group Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Types of carbon crediting mechanisms (supply) and market segments (demand)
Figure 3. Annual ERC trade by value and volume
Figure 4. Annual ERC issuance by crediting mechanism type
Figure 6. Types of ERC linkage.
Figure 7 Example of Emission Reduction-Linked Bond from Vietnam.
Figure 8. Financing structure of Foresight Sustainable Forestry.
Figure 9. Financial structure of Livelihoods Carbon Fund 3.
Figure 10. Key ERC-related risks for financiers.
Figure 11. Representation of carbon rights and example jurisdictions.
Figure 12. Representation of legal nature of ERCs and example jurisdictions.
Figure 13. Conceptual model of an ERC-backed debt structure.
Figure 14. Illustration of an indicative ERC-linked aggregation facility structure.
Figure 15. Illustration of potential variations of an ERC club.
List of Tables
Table 1. Key ERC-related terms
Table 2. Summary of spotlighted enablers of ERC financing the types of risk they address.
Table 3. Cumulative sovereign thematic bond (and sukuk) issuance in EAP region.
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
Find a full outline to sections found in the Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects.
UNLOCKING GLOBAL EMISSION REDUCTION CREDIT (Main Landing Page)
Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Emission Reduction Credits
- The World Bank's Emission Reduction Program
- Emission Reduction Credits
- Classification of Emissions Reduction Credit
- Policy Context of Emissions Reduction Credit
Chapter 2 - Objective of the Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects
- Objective of these Guidelines
- Introduction to the Project Assessment Framework
- Process to conducting assessments
Chapter 3 - Determining country inputs
Chapter 4- Conducting the initial profiling and making a preliminary decision
- F1: Project ERC value
- F2: Additional value enabled by project
- C1, C2, and C3: Carbon integrity and environmental and social risk management
- S2: Socioeconomic value
Chapter 5 - Conducting the project assessment and making the final decision
- F1: Project ERC value and F2: Additional value enabled by project
- Q1: MRV infrastructure
- Q2: Marketing, sales, and pricing
- Q3: Project governance and structure
- C1: Carbon integrity
- C2: Environmental risk management
- C3: Social risk management and benefits
- S2: Socioeconomic value
Chapter 6 - Further guidance for application
Abbreviations: Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects
Appendix A: Introduction to the PPP Models
Appendix B: Project Profile Template
Appendix C: Project Assessment Template
Content Cards
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Check the page below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
Find a list of helpful terms used in the Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects.
| ACR | American Carbon Registry |
| AFOLU | Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses |
| ALM | Agricultural land management |
| AML | Anti-money laundering |
| ARR | Afforestation, reforestation, and regeneration |
| API | Open application programming interface |
| BECCS | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage |
| BS | Benefits sharing |
| CA | Corresponding adjustments |
| CAR | Climate Action Reserve |
| CCB | Climate, Community, and Biodiversity |
| CCUS | Carbon capture, utilization and storage |
| CDM | Clean Development Mechanism |
| CFT | Combating the financing of terrorism |
| DAC | Direct air capture |
| EAP | East Asia Pacific |
| EIA | Environmental impact assessment |
| ERC | Emissions reduction credits |
| ERF | Emission Reduction Fund [Australia] |
| ERP | Emission reduction program |
| FPIC | Free, Prior and Informed Consent |
| GHG | Greenhouse gas emissions |
| GMO | Genetically modified organisms |
| GS | Gold Standard |
| GtCO2e | Gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent |
| HCV | High conservation value |
| ICOA | International Civic Aviation Organization |
| ICROA | International Carbon Offsetting Alliance |
| ICVCM | Integrity Council for the Integrity of the Voluntary Carbon Market |
| ITMO | Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes |
| IFM | Improved forest management |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| IPLC | Indigenous peoples and local communities |
| KYC | Know-your-customer |
| LLDC | Landlocked Developing Country |
| LDC | Least Developed Country |
| M | Million |
| MRV | Monitoring, reporting, verification |
| NDC | Nationally determined contributions |
| NPV | Net present value |
| POA | Programme of Activities |
| REDD+ | Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation |
| REDP | Vietnam Renewable Energy Development Project |
| SBTi | Science-based Targets Initiative |
| SDG | Sustainable Development Goal |
| SD-GEO | Sustainable Development-Global Emissions Offset |
| SIDS | Small Island Developing State |
| UNDRIP | United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples |
| UNFCCC | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| USD | United States Dollar |
| VCM | Voluntary Carbon Market |
| VCS | Verified Carbon Standard |
| VVB | Validation and verification bodies |
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Read more below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
The Appendices under the Emission Reduction Program (ERP) include:
Appendix A - Appendix A includes a Project Profile Template. The Excel template provides toolkit for the PPP Models with a workbook including Guide, Project Profile, Inputs Assumptions, NPV Calcs and Country Input.
Appendix B - The Project Assessment Template in Appendix B includes a list of objectives and criteria to conduct a further evaluation of the priority projects identified. It is a more detailed review into the project’s attributes and mechanisms relative to best practice.
Appendix C - This Appendix lays out the different models for potential public-private partnerships (or PPPs) to generate emissions reduction credits (ERCs) from deploying technologies that reduce or remove emissions.
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.
Watch this space. Unlocking Global Emission Reduction Credit is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. Read more below, or visit Strategic Guidance for Country System Assessments, Guidance for Countries in Assessing ERC Projects, or Mobilizing ERC Finance. Let us know what you think by taking a Quick Survey.
The carbon market landscape is in a state of rapid and continuous evolution, and it is crucial that countries embrace the ability to adapt and reflect the latest market developments. At the same time, alongside global market shifts, the interactions and implications at a local level also differ from country to country. While the Guidelines was developed based on insights from various sources that reflect the market standards and expectations for high-quality ERCs, it is important to note that these perspectives are dynamic.
Further Guidance for Application highlights the scope for further work needed to keep this document aligned with evolving global standards and ensure that it remains relevant to a dynamic and fast-changing carbon market landscape, as well as the aspects of the guidelines where contextual adjustments at a national level are needed. It also provides nuances to the Guidelines that may need to consider the country’s context and the objectives of the exercise and use case, which could affect how the Guidelines and the process are applied. By staying abreast of the latest progressions in the market, and tailoring the use of this document to its audience and purpose, we can ensure that the document provides the most accurate, comprehensive, and relevant information to users.
Research and Publications
This section is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed at regular intervals. The Guidelines have not been prepared with any specific transaction in mind and are meant to serve only as general guidance. It is therefore critical that the Guidelines be reviewed and adapted for specific transactions. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Materials in this Site are those of the various authors of the Materials and are not necessarily those of The World Bank Group, its member institutions, or their respective Boards of Executive Directors or member countries. For feedback on the content of this section of the website or suggestions for links or materials that could be included, please contact the Public-Private Partnership Resource Center at ppp@worldbank.org.