Water pricing is an important and effective mechanism to reflect the scarcity value of water. Water is priced not only to recover the full costs of its supply and production, but also to incorporate the higher cost of producing water from unconventional sources, specifically NEWater and desalinated water.
The water price was last revised in 2000, over the period from 1997 to 2000.
The study's estimates and projections are based on theoretical amounts of water, nutrients, and energy that exist in the reported municipal wastewater produced worldwide annually.
Among many findings:
A UNDP/GWS feasibility study on decentralized cooperation mechanisms at the national level in Niger (in French).
This document published by the Water, Engineering and Development Centre of Loughborough University and is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID).
Significant increases in investment and improvements in management capacity are required to meet the demand for infrastructure services in the rapidly growing cities of low- and middle-income countries. Closing the infrastructure financing gap requires both public and private finance. Sudan has long experienced under-investment in potable water infrastructure, and access to clean drinking water in fast-growing Khartoum is inadequate.
This website provides laws, regulations and sample contracts on Cameroon's water sector.
The law provided legal foundation for the creation of the state-owned company Camwater.
The contract was designed for the provision of water services in Cameroon between the government of Cameroon and the state-owned company, Cameroon Water Utilities Corporation (Camwater), which is a state-owned asset holding company in charge of managing the property and rights concerning the drinking water service in urban and suburban areas, and is responsible for the construction, maintenance and management of infrastructure, capture, production, storage and transportation of potable water.
When the prolonged civil war in Mozambique ended in 1992, water supply infrastructure had deteriorated. In 1998, the Government adopted a comprehensive institutional reform for the development, delivery and regulation of urban water supply services in large cities. The new framework, known as the Delegated Management Framework (DMF), was inaugurated with the creation of two autonomous public bodies: an asset management agency (FIPAG) and an independent regulator (CRA).
There are at least 1,200 small water service providers in Kenya’s rural and peri-urban areas. These community- managed projects generally serve between 50 and 2,500 connections, including both household and shared connections. Many of these systems need to improve both the quality and quantity of water that they supply. Yet given the country’s developmental needs, public and donor funds are unable to meet the national demand for widespread and decentralized infrastructure investment.