Treated sludge can be used for agricultural practices in home gardening, forestry, and parks. Unfortunately, sludge from treatment plants contains lower nutrient levels for nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous, than common fertilizers.

It has also been criticized for containing potentially high levels of metals and contaminants. Regardless, common fertilizers also contain varying degrees of metals and other contaminants.

The primary responsibility for providing on-the-ground services and for ensuring the controlled management of solid waste, on the other hand, lies with the local authorities. Often fiscally constrained with many competing priorities beyond waste, local authorities may have limited ability to deliver adequate services.

In Indonesia, Dow worked with the government and various stakeholders to complete the first plastic road trial in Depok. Approximately 3.5 metric tons of plastic waste material were mixed into asphalt to create a 1.8-kilometer-long road, which covered a total area of 9,781 square meters. The result of the project was a highly resistant plastic waste-based road that was stronger than standard asphalt roadways.

Two case studies discuss the impacts of public–private partnership contracts in the solid waste management services. The case study in Papua New Guinea draws on the National Capital District Commission (NCDC)'s experience with contracting rubbish collection to the private sector, and underscores the importance of robust and transparent procedures for tendering and contracting. In the case study in Fiji, green waste collection in Suva has been outsourced for over 25& years, but household waste collection has never been outsourced.

The intention is to facilitate information sharing and learning between municipalities. An assessment of a random sample of some of the best-performing municipalities in the country including why they do so well, would give an indication of the direction that waste management services should take towards improved service delivery. The success of some of these municipalities may be duplicated in other municipalities.

Over the last decades, West Bank and Gaza have suffered due to political and economic instabilit, resulting in years of inadequate infrastructure investment and poor provision of public services to the people of Palestine. The provision of standard municipal public services, especially solid waste management, was of particular concern. In response, the World Bank Group provided an integrated solution to the client, the Joint Services Coun- cil for Hebron and Bethlehem (JSC-H&B), leading to the successful conclusion of the first public-private partnership (PPP) in the West Bank.

India: Berhampur Solid Waste Management

PPP Brief

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Managing Municipal Solid Waste in Latin America and the Caribbean: Integrating the Private Sector, Harnessing Incentives 

Author: Daniel Hoornweg and Natalie Giannelli

Image by Pixabay

Every year the world generates over 2 billion metric tons of municipal solid waste. The World Bank estimates that by 2050 annual waste generation will increase by 70 percent—to 3.4 billion metric tons. In low-income countries, the volume of  waste is expected to triple by 2050, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.