In 2005, Ireland’s Minister for Education and Science established a Schools Program aiming to deliver 27 new schools in rapidly developing areas, either by replacing existing schools with new facilities or refurbishing existing schools.

Nigeria faces a significant shortfall in housing stock, particularly in urban areas such as the town of Bauchi. To help address this problem, the then Governor of Bauchi, Mallam Isa Yuguda, initiated a PPP project for low-cost housing in 2009, due to the limited funds avialable through the state budget.

To address the housing deficit problem, the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) of Tanzania partnered with a private company called Azimio Housing Estate Limited to construct Tanzania’s “most ambitious housing project,” called Dege Eco Village in Dar es Salaam.

In order to provide housing for vulnerable individuals and families, including families waitlisted for public housing, single-income families, lowincome young couples, posted workers, students, and immigrants, the City of Turin initiated a series of affordable temporary social housing projects.

The Government of Maharashtra launched its Slum Rehabilitation Scheme (SRS) in December 1995. It is a PPP scheme that invites private developers to invest in slum rehabilitation projects in return for extra Floor Square Index (FSI).

The City of Long Beach has an abundance of land but was facing significantly inadequate public facilities, maintenance deferral problems, underutilized public parks and downtown areas, and budget constraints.

Regent Park, a 100 percent government-owned and subsidized neighborhood built more than 50 years ago, was in dire need of renovation.

In September 2011, the City of Virginia Beach received an unsolicited proposal from the Breeden Company to convert a little-used, 244-space surface parking lot into 147 residential apartments, a unique 743m2-indoor sky diving facility, approximately 233 m2 of commercial space, and a public parking garage with 377 spaces.

In 2003, the Portland Development Commission formed a partnership with major private developers to transform the South Waterfront Central District from an underused riverfront industrial area to a vibrant, mixed-use central city neighborhood. Most of these developers already owned land in the areas to be developed by the project.

The downtown area of Silver Spring had been slowly deteriorating for several decades. Prior attempts were made by the local authority to redevelop the area but to no avail. The situation changed when private developers and the Montgomery County authority developed and negotiated a joint development plan to bring Downtown Silver Spring back to life. This culminated in a PPP for the redevelopment of the 90,000 m2 Downtown Silver Spring site, which was established in 2000.