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Overcoming Barriers to Finance for Municipalities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Municipalities in low- and middle-income countries confront financing needs that greatly exceed available flows. Currently, most investment in municipal infrastructure is financed directly from…
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Mini Grids for Half a Billion People: Market Outlook and Handbook for Decision Makers
Approximately 1.2 billion people will need to gain access to electricity to achieve universal access by 2030. The only way to achieve this is through a combination of the main grid extension, mini…
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PPPLRC 2018 Report
In 2018, the site continued to get high traffic, including 1,400,736 views over 596,584 unique visitors. Close to 210,000 visitors had an “interaction” with the site, such as downloading a document,…
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Tackling corruption: A collective global responsibility
Addressing corruption is critical for fostering a fair and transparent economic environment, which in turn creates jobs, attracts investment, and promotes sustainable development. Anticorruption…
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World Bank’s Governance & Institutions Umbrella Program
The Governance & Institutions Umbrella Program focuses on supporting client countries in improving public sector performance and strengthening institutional reform, leveraging the power of…
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Beyond privatization: A fresh approach and new tools for state-owned enterprise reform
Multiple instruments can be deployed to improve market performance and outcomes in sectors with SOE presence, and privatization is only one of them. To support governments in navigating the…
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Businesses Of The State (BOS) and Private Sector Development Toolkit
In light of the importance of state as a market player in the global economy, this toolkit provides guidance on how to conduct a systematic diagnostic of the state footprint with the objective to…
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Victims of Corruption: Back for Payback
Corruption harms communities and impacts the global economy, and discourages business opportunities, hinders foreign aid and investment, and exacerbates inequality. This publication aims at…
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Impacts of climate change – foreseeable or unforeseeable? Drafting force majeure clauses in the era of climate uncertainty
The article outlines the potential role of the force majeure clause in the context of climate change, and summarizes key considerations and effective drafting techniques. It recommends instead…
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Unlocking Local Finance For Sustainable Infrastructure
This study is part of a broader program supported by the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) to address the challenges in mobilizing LFC commercial lending into infrastructure and…
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Nature-Based Solutions for Ports: An Overview of NBS Implementation in Practice - Opportunities and Challenges
This report provides an overview of the potential role that nature-based solutions (NBS) can play in ports. It aims to illustrate how NBS can be effectively integrated into port planning, design, and…
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Banking on Cities: Investing in Resilient and Low-Carbon Urbanization
Banking on Cities advances the discussion on urban climate finance by exploring how cities can identify sources of funding and finance that are suited to different types of resilient and low-carbon…
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Fiscal Vulnerabilities in Low-Income Countries: Evolution, Drivers, and Policies
This study constitutes the first systematic assessment of the causes of chronic fiscal weakness in the very poorest economies—those with annual per capita incomes of less than $1,145 a year. These…
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Jobs in a Changing Climate: Insights from World Bank Group Country Climate and Development Reports Covering 93 Economies
The World Bank Group’s Country Climate and Development Reports (CCDRs) provide a crosscutting look at how countries’ development prospects, and the job opportunities they offer to their people, can…
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Reboot Development: The Economics of a Livable Planet
The report shows that more efficient resource use—like better nitrogen management and forest restoration—yields benefits that far exceed the costs. It also urges a shift to cleaner sectors and…
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Digital Public Infrastructure and Development: A World Bank Group Approach
DPI is an approach to digitalization focused on creating “foundational, digital building blocks designed for the public benefit.” By providing essential digital functions at society scale that can be…
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Digital Government Readiness Assessment Toolkit: Guidelines for Task Teams
The Digital Government Readiness Assessment (DGRA) Toolkit is a knowledge product developed as a global public good to help client countries leaders in digital agenda and Information and…
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Local Governments Climate Finance Instruments - Global Experiences and Prospects in Developing Countries
This joint publication of the World Bank and the UN Capital Development Fund aims to help cities and local governments better understand the various climate finance instruments and sources available…
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Rising to the Challenge: Success Stories and Strategies for Achieving Climate Adaptation and Resilience
Success Stories and Strategies for Achieving Climate Adaptation and Resilience. Building on what can be learnt from these initiatives, this report aims to frame the adaptation and resilience (A&R…
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World Development Report 2025 - Standards for Development
A World Bank Group Flagship Report.World Development Report 2025: Standards for Development provides the most comprehensive assessment of the global landscape of standards today and how they can be…
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Rethinking Resilience: Adapting to a Changing Climate
The publication, Rethinking Resilience, urges developing countries to adopt policies that empower individuals, households, farms, and firms to take proactive measures. Resilience measures should…
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Business Ready (B-READY) 2025
The World Bank Group, Business Ready (B-READY), assess the business and investment environment worldwide annually. B-READY improves upon and replaces Doing Business.The Business Ready (B-READY) 2025…
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Digital Progress and Trends Report 2025: Strengthening AI Foundations
The Digital Progress and Trends Report (DPTR) 2025, Strengthening AI Foundations, is the second in the Digital Progress and Trends Report series, providing a comprehensive, data-driven snapshot of…
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Understanding Transport Resilience: Assessment Approaches and Tools
The report highlights two emerging tools that reflect recent advancements in the cost efficiency of resilience analysis:The Global Resilience Index (GRI), developed by the University of Oxford and…
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The Container Port Performance Index 2020 to 2024: Trends and Lessons Learned
The Container Port Performance Index (CPPI) provides a global benchmark of how container ports perform in handling vessel calls.Developed jointly by the World Bank and S&P Global Market…