Fragile and Conflict-Affected States - FCS

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World Bank Group Strategy for Fragility, Conflict, and Violence 2020–2025

Preventing and mitigating fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) is central to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the World Bank Group’s (WBG) twin goals of ending extreme…

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Priorities for renewable energy investment in fragile states

The paper argues that there are strong reasons to invest in clean energy systems and technologies in FCS: State fragility is strongly linked to prevalent climate hazards and poor energy access.…

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Success Story - Somalia Airport

The Federal Government of Somalia entered into an amended and restated Concession Agreement on the Management and Upgrade of the Aden Abdulle International Airport, Mogadishu with the private sector…

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ADB Helps PNG Expand Port Moresby International Airport Using PPP

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Papua New Guinea (PNG) National Airports Corporation (NAC) signed a transaction advisory services agreement to develop a new international passenger terminal…

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PPP – N4 Toll Concession

The N4 toll road is a high-profile infrastructure PPP between the governments of Mozambique and South Africa, and a private company, Trans African Concessions. The main focus is the N4 toll road from…

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N4 Toll Road from South Africa to Mozambique

The rehabilitation of the N4 toll road forms part of the Maputo Development Corridor (MDC) project, between Johannesburg and Maputo, which also includes other modes of transport. Projects such as the…

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N4 Toll Route

The N4 Toll Route is a brownfield toll road concession of 630 km running from Pretoria, South Africa’s administrative capital, to Maputo, the capital of Mozambique and a deep-sea port on the Indian…

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Case Studies in Private Sector Participation: Solid Waste Management

In most urban areas in the Pacific, solid waste management services are the responsibility of the municipal authorities, who finance the services through their own budgets, with only limited…

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The Tuvalu Solar Power Project

The project features a 40 kW grid-connected solar system that accounts for about 5% of Funafuti’s (Tuvalu’s capital) peak demand, and 3% of TEC’s annual household consumption. The project will…

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Liberia: Amended Contract for the Liberian Electricity Company (LEC)

This series provides an overview of public-private partnership stories in various infrastructure sectors, where IFC was the lead advisor.

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Cameroon: Kribi Power Plant

Cameroon: Kribi Power Plant, Multilateral Development Banks’ Collaboration, Infrastructure Investment Project Briefs, AfDB, EIB, World Bank April 2017 - In 2009, the Government of Cameroon (GoC…

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Cameroon: Dibamba Power Plant

Multilateral Development Banks’ Collaboration, Infrastructure Investment Project Briefs, World Bank April 2016 - In 2009, the Government of Cameroon awarded AES Dibamba Power Development…

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It’s a Texas Two-Step—But Who’s Leading? Building Public-Private Partnerships in South Sudan

It’s a Texas Two-Step—But Who’s Leading? Building Public-Private Partnerships in South Sudan, a "smart lesson" published on IFC's publication - Rebuilding for Tomorrow: Private Sector Development in…

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National Electrification Program (NEP) 2.0: Integrated Planning for Universal Access, 2019

The NEP is an action plan launched in 2017 for achieving universal electricity access nationwide by 2025. By 2025, the plan is for 65 percent of the population to have electricity through the grid,…

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Classification of Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations

The list of fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS) is released annually by the World Bank Group (WBG) and aims to inform strategic and operational decision-making within the WBG.

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PPPs in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States (FCS)

Private sector investment plays a vital role in helping governments fund and deliver basic public infrastructure services. Especially in developing countries, PPPs can expand access, improve quality…

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Further Reading and Resources on FCS

Infrastructure & PPP Development in Fragile ContextThe State of Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships in Countries Affected by Fragility, Conflict or Weak Institutions, World Bank Group…

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Case Studies in FCS

Examples of private sector engagement in the provision of infrastructure services in FCS as well as case studies that show the difficulties in implementing PPPs in FCS organized by sector and country…

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PPP Institutional, Legal, and Regulatory Frameworks in FCS

Find on this page:PPP Policies, Laws and Regulations in FCSSector-specific policies, laws, regulations and guidelines in FCSICTPowerWaterPPP Policies, Laws and Regulations in FCSMany economies,…

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Success Factors for Private Engagement in FCS

Robust institutional, legal and regulatory framework applicable to privately financed infrastructureCompetitive and transparent procurement processesProtection of investors and lendersIncluding the…

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Models for Private Sector Engagement in FCS

The difficult political, economic and regulatory environment in FCS creates challenges for PPPs, where the long pay-back phase for the private sector investors and lenders leaves them exposed to…

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Supporting ICT Sector and Broadband Connectivity in Somalia

The PPIAF grant led by the ICT Sector team has supported the Federal Government of Somalia and especially the Federal Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Technology to developing a medium-term…

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West Bank and Gaza: Solid Waste Management

Over the last decades, West Bank and Gaza have suffered due to political and economic instability, resulting in years of inadequate infrastructure investment and poor provision of public services to…

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Service Delivery in Fragile Situations

This publication is based on the work that the OECD Development Assistance Committee’s (DAC) Fragile States Group (FSG) conducted on service delivery in fragile states from 2005 to 2007. It provides…