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INA Interested in Acquiring 35% Shares in Jasamarga Transjawa Toll Road
Indonesia Investment Authority (INA) is in talks to acquire a 35% stake in PT Jasamarga Transjawa Tol (JTT), operator of the 676 km Trans-Java toll network, representing 56% of Jasa Marga Group’s…
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Contract Signed for the Sale of 49% of Oman’s Electricity Transmission Network
On December 15, 2019, Oman’s Nama Holding signed an agreement to sell a 49% stake in Oman Electricity Transmission Company (OETC) to State Grid International Development Ltd. (SGID), a subsidiary of…
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Government Approves Air India Disinvestment Tatasons’ SPV – Talace Pvt Ltd - Wins Bid for Air India
On 8 October 2021, India’s Cabinet approved the sale of 100% equity in Air India to Talace Pvt Ltd, a Tata Sons subsidiary, for an Enterprise Value of ₹18,000 crore. The bid includes Air India’s…
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Road Projects under TOT Model
As of July 2019, India’s Ministry of Road Transport & Highways identified approximately 6,400 km of national highways for monetization under the Toll Operate Transfer (TOT) model. TOT Bundle…
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Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
The Website of Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. An apex organisation under the Central Government, is entrusted with the task of formulating and administering, in consultation with other…
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Indian Airports Performing Better in Private Hands: NITI Aayog
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) implements the Toll Operate Transfer (TOT) model as a mechanism for monetizing publicly funded national highways. Through this model, the right to…
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Blended Finance for Climate Investments in India
The Blended Finance for Climate Investments in India report, published by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) on March 13, 2024, explores the use of blended finance—mixing public and private…
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Toolkits for Policymakers to Green the Financial System
The World Bank’s 2021 report, Toolkits for Policymakers to Green the Financial System, provides an overview of policy tools available to public authorities—such as finance ministries, central banks,…
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Understanding Global Concessional Climate Finance 2024
According to the Climate Policy Initiative’s Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2023, international concessional climate finance rose by 50% since 2019, reaching USD 81 billion in 2022. …
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Promoting Gender Equality through Performance-based Financial Incentives: An Analysis of IDB Invest’s Experience
This guide highlights the use of performance-based incentives (PBIs)—like interest rate reductions tied to gender targets—as a tool for development finance practitioners to promote gender equality.…
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Blended Finance and the Gender-Energy Nexus: A Stocktaking Report
This report, authored by Ayesha Bery and colleagues, reviews current practices in gender-responsive climate blended finance, focusing on the energy sector. It is structured in three parts: …
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Closing the Gender Finance Gap through the Use of Blended Finance
Women-owned and women-led SMEs (WSMEs) face major barriers to accessing capital, particularly in emerging markets. Blended finance—concessional public or philanthropic funding combined with…
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Blended Finance can Catalyze Renewable Energy Investments in Low-Income Countries
Achieving the SDGs requires large-scale investment in developing countries. Blended finance—using concessional public funds to attract private investment—helps de-risk projects and enable impactful…
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Infrastructure Monitor 2023: Global Trends in Private Investment in Infrastructure
In 2022, private investment in infrastructure rebounded after years of stagnation, with a 29% rise in transactions and a 41% increase in value over the five-year average. This growth was driven by…
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Outcome-Based Concessional Blended Finance for Sustainable Financing: Key Lessons and Insights from Latin America
This study by CIF-TAF and IDB Invest explores how outcome-based concessional blended finance, paired with technical assistance, can drive sustainability in financial institutions (FIs). Using…
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State of Blended Finance 2023
The State of Blended Finance 2023 by Convergence focuses on climate-related blended finance as a key tool for sustainable development. Part I provides a market overview, reviewing previous…
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Hybrid PPPs: Turning risk into viability
Hybrid Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) address a key infrastructure challenge: when financially sound projects remain unbankable due to viability gaps—where projected revenues fall short of costs…
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The Why and How of Blended Finance
Blended concessional finance (BF)—the use of catalytic public or philanthropic capital to attract private investment—is playing a growing role in advancing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda.…
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OECD DAC Blended Finance Principles
The OECD DAC Blended Finance Principles offer a clear framework to guide donors in effectively using blended finance to unlock commercial capital for the SDGs. These principles include a five-…
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State of Blended Finance 2024: Climate Edition
The State of Blended Finance 2024 climate edition arrives amid heightened urgency to tackle climate change and achieve the SDGs. The report underscores the importance of blended finance in mobilizing…
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State of Blended Finance 2024
The State of Blended Finance 2024 by Convergence introduces a two-report annual cycle, with a general market report each spring and a climate-focused edition in the fall. This April edition…
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Convergence - Blending Global Finance
Convergence is a global network for blended finance, working to increase private investment in emerging markets and developing economies in support of the SDGs and the Paris Agreement. Based in…
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Risk Allocation & Management
A clear and stable legal environment is essential for the success of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. It reduces the perception of risk, attracts greater competition, enables broader access…
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PPPs in the EU: Widespread Shortcomings and Limited Benefits (ECA 2018)
Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have been used across the EU to deliver infrastructure, especially in transport, but only a small portion has involved EU funds. Between 2000–2014, just 84 PPPs…
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Assessing the Welfare and Distributional Impacts of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure Interventions
This Reference Paper supports World Bank Group (WBG) teams in assessing the welfare and distributional impacts of private sector participation in infrastructure interventions. It underpins the…