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Structure - Primer on Project Development Funds
A PDF’s structure is a key determinant of its effectiveness and ability to ensure the quality and efficiency of project preparation. However, PDFs function within and alongside the broader PPP…
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Executive Summary - Primer on Project Development Funds
Executive SummaryProject development funds (PDFs) are dedicated vehicles that governments establish to systematically support the preparation of public-private partnerships (PPPs). The lack of…
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Introduction - Primer on Project Development Funds
Introduction Governments are constrained in their ability to invest sufficiently in infrastructure development. Governments have long been unable to meet infrastructure investment needs due to…
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Motivations and Experience - Primer on Project Development Funds
Constrained financial resources are a key impediment to the preparation of bankable projects and the overall success of PPP programs.1 The allocation of additional, dedicated funding to PPP project…
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Funding - Primer on Project Development Funds
PDFs are often thought of primarily as a funding source. Although it is clear that PDFs are much more than this, decisions related to how PDFs are funded, and the quantum of funds they are able to…
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Lessons for Practitioners - Primer on Project Development Funds
There is no one “right” PDF design, only a PDF design which best supports project preparation in a particular jurisdiction. PDFs take a wide range of forms, whether an independent legal entity with…
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Operational Considerations - Primer on Project Development Funds
Once critical design decisions are taken around how a PDF is structured, how it is funded, and the nature of projects it will support, there remain a wide range of PDF operational issues that need to…
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List of Government PDFs (Annex) - Primer on Project Development Funds
CountryRelevant FundTypeBrazilSupport Fund for Structuring and Development of Concession and PPP Projects (FEP) Project Development Division (AEP), including the Project Structuring Fund and the…
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Project Selection - Primer on Project Development Funds
A key motivation of PDFs, as noted in Chapter 2, is to improve the quality and efficiency of PPP project preparation through the provision of PPP advisory services. Decisions related to the nature of…
Library
The Regulatory Asset Base Model and the Project Finance Model: A Comparative Analysis
The International Transport Forum’s Discussion Paper Series makes economic research, commissioned or carried out at its Research Centre, available to researchers and practitioners. The aim is to…
Library
Resetting price controls for privatized utilities: a manual for regulators
This manual, which is the first of a series of learning materials for infra- structure professionals, provides new economic regulators with practical guidance on how to proceed in this fairly…
Library
MDB Infrastructure Investment Project Briefs
MDB Infrastructure Investment Project Briefs
Library
PPP and Concession Project Finance in Brazil: Estruturação de Projetos de PPP e Concessão no Brasil
This paper is in Portuguese, but includes a translation of the executive summary in English.
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Third Party Risk Mitigation and Credit Enhancement
The PPP Agreement is at the center of a PPP, as shown in Typical PPP Project Structure. This agreement allocates projects risks, responsibilities, and rewards between the two signatories—the…
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Finance Structures for PPP
The private party to most PPP contracts is a specific project company formed for that purpose—often called a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV). This project company raises finance through a combination…
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Poor Planning and Project Selection
Scarce resources are too often spent on poorly-selected projects that fail to achieve benefits commensurate with their cost. The result can be under-used assets and poor service delivery at a higher…
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World Bank Procurement Regulations for IPF Borrowers
The World Bank Procurement Regulations for IPF Borrowers (Regulations), Annex XIV, Public Private Partnerships, section 5.3 discusses unsolicited proposals for public-private partnership (PPP)…
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Guidebook on Promoting Good Governance in Public-Private Partnerships
Website of UNECE
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Britannia Mine Wastewater Project
Website of Infrastructure BC
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Further Readings on Financing and Risk Mitigation
Further Reading and ResourcesProject Development Funds, a primer published by The World Bank, 'Project Development Funds (PDFs) - Supporting Project Preparation to Structure Successful Public-…
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项目融资交易中的风险分配、可融资性以及缓和措施
为了成功实现项目的融资，应当对以下重要风险进行分配以及管理：施工及完工风险运营风险需求风险不可抗力以及法律变更政治和监管风险与征收和国有化风险环境风险社会风险票据限期以及再融资风险汇兑风险利率风险根据成本效率，此类风险将分配给最优承担对象（不一定总是私营部门）。施工及完工风险施工成本— 显然，完工的成本对项目融资可行性具有决定性的影响，因为融资的假设以及融资的比例都取决于项目施工的假设成本。…
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项目融资-重要概念
典型项目融资结构典型项目融资结构（简化）用于建设、运营及移交（BOT）项目，如下所示。结构的要素为：专用工具（SPV），无业务记录的项目公司；项目公司的唯一活动是执行项目-通过工程合同以及运营合同将大部分内容分包出去；对新建设项目而言，施工阶段并没有任何收益源，因此债务的偿还只有在运营阶段在项目投入运营时才会存在（各方因此在施工阶段承担巨大风险）；单一收益源可能来自于商品销售或者权益购买协议；…
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Key Issues in Developing Project Financed Transactions
Certainty of Revenue StreamAs noted above, the project is unlikely to generate revenue until the operations period and so it is going to be key to lenders and other investors that the revenue stream…
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Project Finance – Key Concepts
Typical Project Finance StructureThe typical project financing structure (simplified for these purposes) for a build, operate and transfer (BOT) project is shown below. The key elements of the…