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Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure Financing and Recent Trends and Developments
Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure Financing and Recent Trends and Developments
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Environmental and Social Studies and Standards
Potential damage to the environment and the impact on populations are key issues when planning infrastructure projects. Besides the cost-benefit analysis that determines whether the expected benefits…
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Third Party Risk Mitigation and Credit Enhancement
The PPP Agreement is at the center of a PPP, as shown in Typical PPP Project Structure. This agreement allocates projects risks, responsibilities, and rewards between the two signatories—the…
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The Role of Public Finance in PPPs
The exclusive use of private finance is not a defining characteristic of a PPP—governments can also partially finance PPP projects. Reducing the amount of capital investment needed from private…
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Climate Change and Natural Disasters
The risk of natural disasters affects infrastructure projects and must be considered throughout the project cycle. Climate change introduces additional challenges by increasing uncertainty and the…
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Further Readings on Financing and Risk Mitigation
Further Reading and ResourcesProject Development Funds, a primer published by The World Bank, 'Project Development Funds (PDFs) - Supporting Project Preparation to Structure Successful Public-…
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项目融资交易中的风险分配、可融资性以及缓和措施
为了成功实现项目的融资，应当对以下重要风险进行分配以及管理：施工及完工风险运营风险需求风险不可抗力以及法律变更政治和监管风险与征收和国有化风险环境风险社会风险票据限期以及再融资风险汇兑风险利率风险根据成本效率，此类风险将分配给最优承担对象（不一定总是私营部门）。施工及完工风险施工成本— 显然，完工的成本对项目融资可行性具有决定性的影响，因为融资的假设以及融资的比例都取决于项目施工的假设成本。…
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Managing PPP risks with a new guide on guarantees
Authored by: Victoria Rigby Delmon with Jenny ChaoThis article has also been cross-published on the World Bank PPP Blog. Click here to view.Just two years ago, Ghana was experiencing unstable…
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Risk Mitigation Mechanisms
Hedging and Futures ContractsSome financial risks can be shared through financial instruments known as derivatives, futures contracts or hedging. For example, exposure to foreign exchange risk can be…