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Climate Finance, IFC
Website for the IFC's Green Bond Program where you find more details about guidelines and procedures for the green bond market.
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New Hampshire Business Finance Authority
New Hampshire Business Finance Authority
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Another unknown in post-COVID PPPs in Africa: Resumption of foreign direct investment
In 2019, private investment commitments to public-private partnership (PPP) projects within low and middle-income countries amounted to $97 billion across 409 projects in 62 countries. Africa’s…
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Using government guarantees carefully as the private sector redefines bankability
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed risk allocation of public-private-partnerships (PPPs) under a stress test: risks that seemed reasonable for the private sector to take mere months ago may no longer…
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Further Reading on Energy and Power PPPs
Understanding Power Project Procurement; Commercial Law Development Program (CLP) in partnership with the African Legal Support Facility - Fourth handbook in Power Africa's "Understanding"…
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Further Readings on Infrastructure Finance and Risk Mitigation
Project Development Funds, a primer published by The World Bank, 'Project Development Funds (PDFs) - Supporting Project Preparation to Structure Successful Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs).…
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开发项目融资交易的主要问题
本部分讨论了在项目融资交易中可能出现的一些主要问题：1.收入来源的确定性2.财务比例和财务约定债务-产权（D/E）比贷款寿命备付率（LLCR）偿债备付率（DSCR）回报率（ROR）加权平均资本成本（WACC）3.贷方保护、介入权、直接协议和获取担保担保、承诺与声明介入违约恢复权介入权替换直接协议获取担保4.终止补偿1.收入来源的确定性如前所述，在运营期之前，项目可能不会产生收入，因此，…
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基础建设项目主要融资机制
政府资助政府可以选择资助项目中部分或者全部投资活动，并且可以通过私营方引进专家、提升效率。这就是设计一建造一运营项目中的通常做法，在此类项目中，运营商一次性收取施工至完工阶段的全部款项，之后收取项目运营以及维护的运营费用。或者在其它情况中，政府选择按照传统采购的方式将土木工程分包出去，然后再引进社会运营商提供运营、维护等服务。即使政府希望私营方能够完成融资，…
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Managing PPP risks with a new guide on guarantees
Authored by: Victoria Rigby Delmon with Jenny ChaoThis article has also been cross-published on the World Bank PPP Blog. Click here to view.Just two years ago, Ghana was experiencing unstable…
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Railways - Further Reading and Resources
Mobilizing Climate Finance for Railways, World Bank 2024. This report examines the experience in attracting financing from climate-specific financing instruments of railways in low-and middle-…
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Government Guarantees
As noted in Government Support in Financing PPPs, efficient financing of PPP projects can involve the use of government support, to ensure that the government bears risks which it can manage better…
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Tax Law and Taxation
A host country's tax laws can have a direct impact on the profitability of a public-private partnership project and so need to be considered by the potential service provider/ investor and the host…