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Overcoming Barriers to Finance for Municipalities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Municipalities in low- and middle-income countries confront financing needs that greatly exceed available flows. Currently, most investment in municipal infrastructure is financed directly from…
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Nature-Based Solutions for Ports: An Overview of NBS Implementation in Practice - Opportunities and Challenges
This report provides an overview of the potential role that nature-based solutions (NBS) can play in ports. It aims to illustrate how NBS can be effectively integrated into port planning, design, and…
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Structure - Primer on Project Development Funds
A PDF’s structure is a key determinant of its effectiveness and ability to ensure the quality and efficiency of project preparation. However, PDFs function within and alongside the broader PPP…
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Executive Summary - Primer on Project Development Funds
Executive SummaryProject development funds (PDFs) are dedicated vehicles that governments establish to systematically support the preparation of public-private partnerships (PPPs). The lack of…
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Introduction - Primer on Project Development Funds
Introduction Governments are constrained in their ability to invest sufficiently in infrastructure development. Governments have long been unable to meet infrastructure investment needs due to…
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Motivations and Experience - Primer on Project Development Funds
Constrained financial resources are a key impediment to the preparation of bankable projects and the overall success of PPP programs.1 The allocation of additional, dedicated funding to PPP project…
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Funding - Primer on Project Development Funds
PDFs are often thought of primarily as a funding source. Although it is clear that PDFs are much more than this, decisions related to how PDFs are funded, and the quantum of funds they are able to…
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Lessons for Practitioners - Primer on Project Development Funds
There is no one “right” PDF design, only a PDF design which best supports project preparation in a particular jurisdiction. PDFs take a wide range of forms, whether an independent legal entity with…
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List of Government PDFs (Annex) - Primer on Project Development Funds
CountryRelevant FundTypeBrazilSupport Fund for Structuring and Development of Concession and PPP Projects (FEP) Project Development Division (AEP), including the Project Structuring Fund and the…
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Project Selection - Primer on Project Development Funds
A key motivation of PDFs, as noted in Chapter 2, is to improve the quality and efficiency of PPP project preparation through the provision of PPP advisory services. Decisions related to the nature of…
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Global Report on Food Crises
Conflict and insecurity, weather extremes, and economic shocks continue to drive acute food insecurity. According to the 2025 Global Report on Food Crises, acute hunger has grown in 2024 and…
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Infrastructure Governance Assessment Framework
Sustainable, affordable, and cost-efficient infrastructure services are a fundamental pillar of long-term development. governance of infrastructure sectors is a critical driver of sector performance…
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Combating Heat in Cities: Operationalizing the Urban Heat Agenda at the World Bank
The publication is a product of a joint study between the World Bank’s Global Practice for Urban, Disaster Risk Management, Resilience and Land (GPURL) and the Korea Research Institute for Human…
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PPP Insights: The Expansion of China's Generation Capacity
Power is a crucial factor in economic growth and quality of life, but building an adequate level of generation capacity has proven difficult for many developing countries. A number of jurisdictions…
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Port Reform Toolkit PPIAF, World Bank, 2nd Edition
The Port Reform Toolkit is aimed to provide policymakers and practitioners with effective decision support in undertaking sustainable and well-considered reforms of public institutions that provide,…
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Waste PPPs, Handshake Issue # 12
Handshake, International Finance Corporation's (IFC's) quarterly journal on public-private partnerships, Issue # 12, January 2014.
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Dedicated Public-Private Partnership Units: A Survey of Institutional and Governance Structures
OECD. 2010. Dedicated Public-Private Partnership Units: A Survey of Institutional and Governance Structures. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [#2257]
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Natural Resources PPPs, Handshake Issue # 14
This issue focuses on PPPs that manage and preserve natural resources such as water and forests. Projects include a hybrid-public private agency that has standardized water services and restored the…
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Overview of the PPP Legal and Institutional Frameworks in the Western Balkans
This publication provides a summary of the PPP legal and institutional frameworks in the seven countries of the Western Balkans Region.
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Connectivity, Handshake Issue # 15
Handshake's issue 15 focuses on connectivity or the physical networks that allow people to communicate as well as the ability to interact with another person or the services one receives from an…
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Infrastructure Regulation in Developing Countries - An Exploration of Hybrid and Transitional Models
Infrastructure Regulation in Developing Countries - An Exploration of Hybrid and Transitional Models
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Private Sector Management In Solid Waste Activities – booklet
This booklet is the second in series published by the CWG (the Collaborative Working Group on Solid Waste Management in Low- and Middle-income Countries).
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PPP Reference Guide 3.0 (Full version)
This Reference Guide helps readers navigate this body of knowledge. It introduces key topics on PPP, sets out options, and directs readers to examples and references where they can learn more.
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Increasing Local Content in the Procurement of Infrastructure Projects in Low Income Countries
This briefing note has two aims: (1) to show policy-makers that expanding the local content of infrastructure projects is an achievable objective with real long-term benefits and (2) to provide…