The Government of Peru has launched an aggressive second phase of infrastructure concessions covering all sectors, including transport, rural telephony, gas, energy and water and sanitation. To help inform the second phase, this report provides an in-depth analysis of the past program in Peru by analyzing the process, design and impact of the program as well as the public perceptions.

Since 2007, Tonga has undertaken a number of wide ranging private sector-oriented reforms, which will assist in raising productivity and economic growth in the long-run. However, a combination of the impact of the global economic crisis and remaining constraints to private sector development has resulted in a significant erosion of business confidence.

Private participation in infrastructure has taken two distinct forms in the developing world. The first model, applied primarily in Latin America, focuses on privatization of existing infrastructure assets. The second, applied largely in East Asia, focuses on retaining existing assets in the public sector but seeking private sector involvement to augment capacity through new greenfield investments.

This report analyzes trends in investment commitments in infrastructure projects with private sector participation in countries eligible for support from the International Development Association (IDA countries) during the five-year period from 2013 to 2017. The report analyzes investment commitments at the time of financial closure in energy, transport, water, and information and communication technologies (ICT) backbone projects serving the public in IDA countries.

This toolbox provides an inventory of instruments available from multilateral development banks and the largest European Development Finance Institutions to support private investment in the Compact with Africa (CWA) countries (Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Morocco, Rwanda, Senegal, and Tunisia). In order to provide a useful overview for clients, the toolbox groups the instruments into three main categories: those available to governments, to investors, and to firms.

Under each category, the following structure is applied:

Myanmar requires large-scale infrastructure investments in power generation, transportation, special economic zones, and resource development, as well as other supporting infrastructure, to realize its long-term growth and development. Such mega-projects typically have high costs, take years to develop and build, involve many stakeholders, and carry significant long-term impacts. Given the limits on government resources, financing will have to come mostly from the private sector, particularly through public-private partnerships (PPP).

This private sector assessment describes how Samoa can further improve its competitiveness through reforms supporting private sector growth. While not a comprehensive description of all issues facing the Samoan economy, the document analyzes reforms that will most significantly benefit the private sector and growth, and focuses on primary constraints to investment and entrepreneurship. 

This document is part of a series of four guidebooks prepared especially for ADB Management and staff, government, affected people and their representative or partner nongovernment organizations or civil society organizations, and private sector borrowers. These guidebooks are intended to aid comprehension of the compliance review function and its processes, particularly the roles of the various stakeholders. These guidebooks also serve as training materials for the outreach missions of the Office of the Compliance Review Panel.

The world is facing a substantial infrastructure spending deficit. In 2016, McKinsey estimated $3.3 trillion of investment per annum (or approx. 3.8% of GDP), in economic infrastructure is required to support projected regional growth to 2030. In Asia alone, the ADB estimates the climate adjusted funding requirement to be $1.7 trillion per annum.

Smallholder farmers are becoming more important players in global food chains as agribusiness companies seek to secure future food supplies for the world’s growing population. For some crops, smallholders are already an important source of production, but their role is expanding as land constraints limit the potential for growth in plantation agriculture and as the locus of future food market growth shifts to emerging markets. Those markets face increasing demand for affordable, nutritious foods for low-income urban populations.