Cebotari, Aliona. 2008. “Contingent Liabilities: Issues and Practice.” IMF Working Paper WP/08/245. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund. [#4198] Image by Pixabay

Agreement Synopsis, Context and ReviewSector:Transport, AirportName of Agreement:PPP Agreement for Management and Operation of an Airport 

For the urban poor in developing countries, informal waste recycling is a common way to earn income. There are few reliable estimates of the number of people engaged in waste

  OBApproaches is a forum for discussing and disseminating recent experiences and innovations for supporting the delivery of basic services to the poor. The series will

Sector: Energy Name of Agreement: Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)

全世界各个地方都能见到拾荒者的身影。在发展中国家，拾荒者大约占到了城市人口的百分之一——至少为1500万人——他们通过对垃圾中的可回收物品进行回收利用来生存（图1）。“迫使”人们从事拾荒的因素基本都是经济因素。很多贫困人口在面临挨饿和拾荒的时候，一般都会选择后者。如要了解关于该行业的更多信息，请参见“固体垃圾政府和社会资本合作项目”。

Disposiciones Generales

执行摘要1. 4月29日，欧洲竞争电信协会（ECTA）委托德国咨询公司WIK-Consult研究“下一代接入的经济意义”。这项研究的主要目标是评估下一代接入业务模式的可行性，并分析监管如何支持基础设施的可行性复制，并同时确保向消费者和企业提供服务中的竞争性。这项研究还概述了在欧洲及其以外国家（澳大利亚、新加坡、日本和美国）对“下一代接入”（NGA）

ADB. 2008. Public-Private Partnership Handbook. Manila: Asian Development Bank. [#2268] Image by Pixabay

This is a standardized contract between EVN (the national utility of Vietnam) and local independent contractors who will provide meter reading, billing and minor repairs for

By using individuals from local communities to perform these services, EVN estimates that it saves 30 to 40% of what it would  cost to provide the same services with one of

Yerevan Water SupplyGoing private graduallyImage by Pixabay

Unlocking land values to finance urban infrastructure Land-based financing options for cities George E. Peterson Image by Pixabay

Farrugia, Christine, Tim Reynolds, and Ryan J. Orr. 2008. “Public-Private Partnership Agencies: A global perspective.”Working Paper #39.Stanford, California: Collaboratory for

The documents in this toolkit are designed to help decision makers and practitioners in states and municipal governments who are concerned with urban transport development in

Organistation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), July 2008.   Effective regulatory frameworks for public-private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure

Tracking Number: France PPP Law_2004_French

Despite water being subsidized in most developing countries, poorer households end up paying more per unit of consumption because they are generally not connected to the network

Engel, Eduardo, Ronald Fischer, and Alexander Galetovic. 2009. Public-Private Partnerships: When and how. Santiago: Universidad de Chile. [#2212]Image by Pixabay

Engel, Eduardo, Ronald Fischer, and Alexander Galetovic. 2009. Public-Private Partnerships: When and how. Santiago: Universidad de Chile. [#2212] Image by Pixabay